how a Christian couple would apply these beliefs in their married life :: essays research papers

A Christian couple would most likely apply their beliefs with an everlasting marriage, one that stays strong and provides a welcoming foundation for a family. The family is not merely an invention of society, but an institution founded by God himself. The family is God’s agency for populating the earth with people who would love God and be loved by Him. It is to be formed exclusively through a loving lifelong marriage covenant between a man and a woman. â€Å"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth† The Bible is filled with teaching on the family and stories that tell of the triumph and tragedy of families. Both the Old and New Testaments contain numerous reflections on the roles of father, mother and children. The clear message of Scripture is that individuals and families suffer when lives are not lived in accordance with God's standards. Numerous biblical tragedies are played out in the context of families. When people fail to fulfill their proper functions in the family, they and their families suffer. The husband is first and foremost called by God to love his wife. So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself. For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church: For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones† The husband is to provide leadership as he models the Christian faith (beliefs and way of living) before his family. He is to reflect in his life the character and virtues of the Christian faith. This happens when he lives a life of integrity, faithfulness, and obedience to God. The physical, material, emotional and spiritual needs of the family are to be met by the husband and father to the very best of his ability. He is to provide security and protection for his family. There is no biblical justification for not meeting these needs. It is his duty before God. â€Å"But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel. how a Christian couple would apply these beliefs in their married life :: essays research papers A Christian couple would most likely apply their beliefs with an everlasting marriage, one that stays strong and provides a welcoming foundation for a family. The family is not merely an invention of society, but an institution founded by God himself. The family is God’s agency for populating the earth with people who would love God and be loved by Him. It is to be formed exclusively through a loving lifelong marriage covenant between a man and a woman. â€Å"So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth† The Bible is filled with teaching on the family and stories that tell of the triumph and tragedy of families. Both the Old and New Testaments contain numerous reflections on the roles of father, mother and children. The clear message of Scripture is that individuals and families suffer when lives are not lived in accordance with God's standards. Numerous biblical tragedies are played out in the context of families. When people fail to fulfill their proper functions in the family, they and their families suffer. The husband is first and foremost called by God to love his wife. So ought men to love their wives as their own bodies. He that loveth his wife loveth himself. For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church: For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones† The husband is to provide leadership as he models the Christian faith (beliefs and way of living) before his family. He is to reflect in his life the character and virtues of the Christian faith. This happens when he lives a life of integrity, faithfulness, and obedience to God. The physical, material, emotional and spiritual needs of the family are to be met by the husband and father to the very best of his ability. He is to provide security and protection for his family. There is no biblical justification for not meeting these needs. It is his duty before God. â€Å"But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.

Junk Food Taxes Essay

Do you know the real reasons behind the terrible eating practices amongst Caribbean people today? Large numbers of people gravitate to what is commonly called â€Å"junk† or â€Å"fast† food. I reckon no one stops to think about the dangers the over consumption of junk food does to our body. The duty of ensuring a healthy life, and by extension healthy food for citizens, is the government’s job in the first place then the citizens themselves. This is so because the government has control over the marketing of goods in a country and is able to tax whatever they want and so discourage the consumption of that which is considered bade or unhealthy. Placing higher taxes on junk food within Caribbean countries will prove beneficial as it would help in reducing the accessibility of junk food to consumers, improve the country’s economy and help improve the health status of individuals. Placing higher taxes on junk foods and making healthy food more affordable will aid in reducing the purchase and over consumption of food with little or no nutritional value. Junk food is convenient because it is easy and cheap to get; making it more expensive will encourage other foods to be eaten. One of the reasons people do not choose healthier foods today is because of money, another is of convenience. If taxes are placed on junk foods to make them more expensive, then people will be driven to seek out healthier foods as they are less expensive. When Washington researchers compared the prices of 370 foods sold around the world, calorie for calorie, junk foods not only cost less than fruits and vegetables, but junk food prices also are less likely to rise as a result of inflation.(Pope,2007). This research has led us to realize that not only can the people not afford to eat healthy but sooner or later will end up with any number of diet- related ailments because of the growing increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods. Taxing junk food and similar food products would create additional incentive for consumers to eat healthier. A study conducted in Guyana states that it’s easier for low-income people to sustain themselves on junk food rather than fruits and vegetables (Drewnowski, 2007). One of the disadvantages of being poor is that you can only survive on what you can afford and that is the problem faced by many people today, not only in the Caribbean but the world at large. Many healthy food items are so expensive today that poor or low- income families have to bypass them and turn to the cheaper, detrimental goods. Junk food items tend to be easily accessible and require little or no preparation before eating, making them highly preferable over healthy diets. Increasing taxes would make the prices of Junk food expensive thereby reducing the appeal they have on consumers. Countries that impose a tax on junk food can strengthen and grow their economy vastly as it limits the amount of money being spent unnecessarily. The consumption of unhealthy foods puts a heavy cost on society as it contributes to many serious health problems (which have to be treated, sometimes for prolonged periods) so taxing junk food would make people pay social cost of eating unhealthy food. For example, eating unhealthy foods contributes to the problem of obesity. Obesity is estimated to cost the Caribbean’s economy around 6.6 – 7.4 billion a year (Blackwell, 2009). Placing an increased tax on junk food will help the government raise substantial sums of money. They could use this revenue to offset other expenses. That money could be used to subsidize the purchase of staple foods like seasonal greens, vegetables, whole grains, dried legumes and fruit (Pettinger,2012). A 20 percent increase in the price of junk food nationally could result in about a 20 percent decrease in consumption, which in the next decade could prevent 1.5 million individuals from becoming obese and 400,000 cases of diabetes, saving about $30 billion.( (Bittman,2011). The consumption of junk foods deteriorates the human body so placing higher taxes on junk food will help to increase the health status of individuals. One of the disadvantages of junk food is that it leads people to get overweight over time since junk food contains little nutritional value, but c ontains empty calories, and a high level of saturated fat, salt, or sugar. The stomach often has problems digesting junk food, which leads to health problems. In addition to that, the availability of junk food results in people eating junk food weekly or daily, and doing so increases their health risks. 300,000 people a year die from obesity-related health conditions including heart disease, diabetes and stroke all as a result of the over consumption of junk foods (McCuen, 2000). Because junk foods have high fat, cholesterol and salt content, doctors have established that the intake of too much junk damages the liver and the pancreas, resulting in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Lee, 2007). Healthy lifestyle choices help people remain physically well and too much junk food leads to complications as it prohibits the brain from working properly, leading to underachievement and a host of other disorders. Critics may argue that what we eat is a personal choice and that it is no one’s business what a person chooses to eat. The freedom to eat a slice of apple pie might not sound quite as stirring as freedom of speech, but the ability to choose how to live our lives is the most fundamental freedom. What you eat is no one’s business but ours (Morris, 2012). They may also argue that the government has no right to punish people by taxing their food choices as it is quite difficult to know for sure which food to tax to prevent complications in the human body. They may also argue that many foods can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle if consumed in sufficient quantities. Because of the convenience of junk food, people will continue to purchase it no matter how much tax is placed on them. People who work have short hour breaks and they want to get something to eat fast. They see eating junk food as the fastest way to eat (Cummins,2012). The critics may have a valid point but it can be also be argued that the choices made by individuals who eat junk food often end up costing a nation when they have to be treated over long periods of time for illnesses that result from their eating habits. Caribbean people, especially Jamaicans have many low income families who will have to buy what they can afford and tend to buy what is more economical. They also will take every opportunity to economize on food and use the rest to invest in other areas of their lives. So, if government implements higher taxes on junk food, it should result in changes in eating habits which notonly benefits the individual’s health and social wellbeing but also the country’s economy.

Annotated Bibliography about Attachment Based Therapy

Benoit, D., Madigan, S., Lecce, S., Shea, B. and Goldberg, S. (2001). A typical Maternal Behavior toward Feeding Disordered Infants Before and After Intervention. Infant Mental Health Journal 22(12), 611-626. Atypical behavior and disordered communication during infant-parent interactions as evaluated by Atypical Maternal Behavior Instrument for Assessment and Classification (AMBIANCE), has been associated with unsystematic infant attachment. The journal outlines a study, which was conducted to examine the significance of AMBIANCE as an effective tool of eliminating disordered communication and atypical behavior. The study used 28 mothers of infants with feeding problems. The intervention strategies focused on teaching the caregivers to respond more sensitively to the infants while the mothers were taught to adopt new attachment based feeding techniques. The results of the study revealed a significant reduction in AMBIANCE by the play-focused group compared to the feeding-focused group. Lieberman, A. F., VanHorn, P., Ippen, C. G. (2005). Towards Evidence-Based Treatment: Child-Parent Psychotherapy with Preschoolers Exposed to Marital Violence. Journal of   the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 44(18), 1241-1248. There has been an increase in the awareness on the impacts of adult domestic violence on children. The journal focuses its attention on the impacts of the exposure on a child’s development and the likelihood of a child suffering psychologically. There are various recommendations for treatment of mentally traumatized persons. However, the journal focused on attachment based therapy. The journal reviews the effectiveness of the strategy and finds it to offer unique solution to adults who had a troubled childhood from domestic violence. Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R. (2001). Attachment Theory and Intergroup Bias: Evidence That Priming the  Secure Base Schema Attenuates Negative Reactions to Out-Groups. Journal  of Personality and Social Psychology 81(8), 97-115. The authors analyze five studies, which were conducted to assess how intergroup bias is affected by priming secure base schema. Furthermore, the studies conducted to investigate the dispositional attachment styles, mood interpretation, the role of threat appraisal, and the impacts of secure base priming. The paper establishes that secure vase priming has less negative reactions than positive effects on unbiased control conditions. Furthermore, the effects of secure base priming are not dependent on the attachment style and could not be explained by mood induction. However, they were interceded by threat appraisal and occurred even in cases of threatened cultural worldview and self-esteem. The discussion is focused on the significance of the attachment in comprehending intergroup attitudes. Prior, V., Glaser, D. (2006). Understanding Attachment and Attachment Disorders: Theory, Evidence and Practice. London: Jessica Kingsley. The book is based on multidisciplinary project, which is located at the Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Research and Training Unit. Various other books have been published under the project named FOCUS. Thus, the book is a compilation of other publications. The book is categorized into five parts, each dealing with the various topics on attachment-based therapy. The authors appraise available knowledge and are sensitive to clinical questions, which can be answered through research. The authors post 14 questions in their exploration of the wide topic of Attachment and attachment disorders. This is an excellent book for any researcher working on attachment-based disorders. Stern, D. (2004). The Present Moment in Psychotherapy and Everyday Life. New York: W. W. Norton Company. The book explores the power, which forms interpersonal relationships. It responds to various questions on the passage of time, the future, and the evolution of humans throughout their lives. It deals with the psychological development from childhood to adulthood and evaluates various factors that affect human beings psychologically. The author evaluates various topics such as the integration of research-based psychology, application of psychology in physiotherapy, and child development. The book is an intervention of the struggle against the negative aspects of Freudian positivism. This is an important book for all psychologists wishing to develop a deeper understanding on human psychological development.

Hearing Aids An Electronic Device - 1126 Words

Bryeanna Tompkins American Sign Language II Amber Sweigert Blk 3 15 May 2015 Hearing Aids Hearing Aids are an electronic device worn in or on the ear that amplifies sound to help people who are deaf or hard of hearing.The first electronic hearing aid was invented in 1898. Many people have attempted to invent the hearing aid, but there are two men who are given the recognition, Harvey Fletcher and Miller Reese Hutchinson. Harvey Fletcher made many discoveries that lead to the invention of the hearing aid, although he didn t invent the hearing aid that we know of in this generation he is still given a lot of credit. Miller Reese Hutchinson is the inventor of the first electronic hearing aid. Electronic hearing aids are made to be a shape†¦show more content†¦Hearing aids come in many types and styles depending on a person s level of hearing and preference of fit. The different options are an ITE (in the ear), ITC (in the canal), CIC (completely in canal), and BTE (behind the ear). Each hearing aids has its own specialities, for example the ITE is made to fit compl etely in the bowl of the ear, it is large enough to add extra features and has a long lasting battery, the con to this hearing aid is it is very visible and many people do not want it to be noticeable. The ITC is made to fit the shape and size of an individual s ear, the con to this is the small size can make it hard to change the battery and gives feedback because the receiver and microphone are close together. The CIC is even smaller than the ITC. Small wires are used to remove the hearing aid from the ear, it is barely visible but difficult to use added features and is more expensive than the larger hearing aids. BTE is different from the other hearing aids because it sits outside the ear and connects to a clear tube to earmold that is placed inside the ear. It is very visible and can have feedback if not fitted correctly. Also in this generation of electronics, hearing aids are always being improved to be smaller, less visible, and have better sound quality. Hearing Aids were o riginally invented because deaf people began to feel more separated from the rest of the world. The telephone was beginning to be a new popular invention and

A Bully, a Prank, a Broken Spirit in Twelfth Night by...

The torture many people receive for a reason varying reasons. Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare presents a prank by five characters; Maria, Sir Toby Belch, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Fabian and Feste, that easily twists into bullying Malvolio. â€Å"Shakespeare gives the latest strategy in anti-bulling in schools† by The Denver Post shows how much bullying relates to the real world and Twelfth Night. Malvolio, the steward of Olivia, the noble woman of Illyria, always gets Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Maria, Feste and Fabian into trouble for many different reasons and their anger leads to a prank fooling Malvolio with an epistle that Olivia loves him and that to show his love he need to wear yellow as the sun stockings with black as night cross guarders up them, live openly mean to Sir Toby, walk around smiling and not mention anything about the epistle, this leads Maria and Sir Toby to lock him up in a dark room and make him go crazy. The thesis and matches the background knowledge bec ause bullying takes place in both the play and the real world. Bullying in Twelfth Night and in the real life stay the same, the epistle works as a form of cyber bulling today, verbal, and physical bullying plays a role that works the same as Twelfth Night as the real, modern world too. To begin, cyber bullying comes in many forms, texts or letters they both relate to each other when it comes to cyber bullying they both mistake each other as tiny gold fish but their results and impact occur more bigger like

Maggie a Girl on the Streets Free Essays

Maggie: A Girl On the Streets The problems that were faced by Maggie, and many other women in the lower social-economic levels during the Gilded Age, are almost unbearable to imagine. She faced discrimination, attachment issues, and grew up with a dysfunctional family that failed to show affection. Fortunately for Maggie, she wasn’t like the people she lived around. We will write a custom essay sample on Maggie: a Girl on the Streets or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Stephen Crane put it, â€Å"None of the dirt of Rum Alley seemed to be in her veins† (Maggie 16). This unique feature acquired by Maggie gave her the ability to improve her chance, even by a slim chance. Maggie grew up with a family who would have been classified as the low-class, in the scums of New York City. This is where Maggie naturally sets back her chances on eventually leaving her awful neighborhood, also known as Rum Alley. The name of the neighborhood basically describes the type of neighborhood it really is. It’s filled with many alcoholic families, with children who don’t receive the affection that they deserve from their elders. This unfortunately makes it difficult for Maggie to find help inside her neighborhood, which forces her to make good decisions inside her neighborhood. Maggie was discriminated on mainly for one reason: for being a woman. During this time period, women were socially accepted inside the house, but not out of it. On the streets was where men were found whether they were working, or drinking at the local tavern. Women at this time were harassed unapologetically. For example, when Pete comes to Maggie’s house he tells her, â€Å"I’m stuck on yer shape. It’s outa sight. † (Maggie 19). Maggie didn’t want to end up as a low-life scum living as a housewife when she became older. She wanted to be somebody. Discrimination of women and lower-class citizens unfairly held Maggie back from the start. She had a slim-to-none chance. Maggie suffered attachment issues numerous times in the novel. She became afraid to befriend anyone because all of her previous attachments had left her. Maggie finds herself falling for a young man named Pete. Pete comes off as a nice gentleman, but behind his good looks is just another boy looking for a good time. He keeps this hidden from Maggie until after he seduces her into having sex, then leaves her. Maggie’s brother, Jimmie, abandons her after Maggie â€Å"brings disgrace on the family† after having sex with Pete. Maggie’s mother, Mary, abandons her after Maggie runs away from home. Mary blames Maggie on her immorality instead of considering her own alcohol problem. As stated before, Rum Alley was occupied with several alcohol-induced dwellers that participated in lower-class activities such as street fighting. Maggie’s family wasn’t any exception. Both Maggie’s parents were extreme alcoholics. Mary was destructive as they get. Considered the incarnation of the devil, Mary is hypocritical enough to condemn her daughter for immorality. Maggie’s father, Mr. Johnson, is only referred to his last name in the book. He isn’t in the novel for very long until he dies. What is seen of Mr. Johnson is a brutally violent father who dwells at the bars every night to escape the â€Å"living hell† at home. Jimmie is Maggie’s brother. In spite of the abuse he receives at home, he fights on the streets. Jimmie is a hotheaded fighter that refuses to back down. For example,†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Naw,’ responded Jimmie with a valiant roar, ‘dese micks can’t make me run,’† Jimmie says in one of the first lines in the book (Maggie 1). Although Jimmie and Maggie seem to somewhat get along in the beginning of the novel, Jimmie ends up scorning Maggie and blaming her for what happened with Pete. Jimmie is hypocritical in his reasoning because he too has seduced and abandoned women in the past. Maggie grew up in a place with no hope; a place where many are born and never leave. Maggie had a vision to leave Rum Alley. This vision eventually seemed out of her grasp, and she decided to end her life because of it. Maggie overcame many obstacles in her life including discrimination, attachment issues, and faced an abusive and dysfunctional family her entire life. Maggie is a great example of a visionary, or one who thinks about the future with imagination and wisdom. We could all use a little Maggie’s vision in us. How to cite Maggie: a Girl on the Streets, Papers

Social Cognitive Theory in Health Promotion-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Social Congnitive theory in Health Promotion. Answer There are several theories that have been advanced to support health promotion and prevention of disease. The theories are helpful in leadership, formulation of policies and legislation of health care since they help to explain, predict and interpret trends in the health practice. These theories include; social cognitive theory, health belief theory, relapse prevention among others. This paper focuses on social cognitive theory as a model of health promotion and disease prevention. Definition The social cognitive theory is centered of the grounds that individual learn from experiences, those of others and their continued interaction with their environment (Linke, Robinson Pekmezi, 2014). The social cognitive theory can be used to motivate, modify or predict behavior. The main aspect of social cognitive theory however is that, behavior is largely dependent on observation from social interactions. The theory bases its argument on how people emulate certain models in a society. The theory suggests that people do not invent new behaviors but inherit behavior of others depending on how well a behavior is motivated or reinforced. Schwarzer, R. (Ed.). (2014) explains that the key components of the theory in institution of individual behavioral modification include; behavioral capability. This aids a person to recognize and being able to replicate a behavior. Expectations and expectances where the former evaluates the end result of behavior change while the latter examines the value resulting from the behavior change. Self-control refers to the aspect where the individual has the capability of controlling and regulating their own behavior. Observational learning which is based on an individuals ability to learn through observing the actions of others to achieve the required behavior modification. Self-efficacy is another aspect that an individual has control of their behaviors and they can execute or modify behavior at will. Finally, social cognitive theory has the aspect of reinforcement. Reinforcement is a recognized aspect of many behavioral theories and is based on the fact that a behavior can be learned or unlearned through repeated or unrepeated performance. Reinforcement aspect of social cognitive theories also borrow heavily from the idea that behavior can be changed and reinforced through rewards, motivation and incentives. History and origin Glanz, (2015) explains that the earliest contribution to the social cognitive theory can be credited to Edwin Holt and Harold Chapman who proposed that all human and animal behaviors arise from the psychological basis of desire and emotional feelings. John Dollard and Neal Miller advanced the perspectives of Holt and Harold by suggesting that social motivation, rewarding certain actions and various responses could change and modify behavior as well. The two also proposed that rewarding a behavior made the behavior to be reinforced and therefore refereed to rewarding behavior as positive reinforcement. Zhang, et al (2016) holds that the most significant contributions into social cognitive theory however borrows heavily from the work of a Canadian psychologist, Albert Bandura. Bandura advanced the idea that social cognitive theory can be used in learning through several studies and experiments. One the most famous experiments include the famous Bobo doll experiment. The experiment involved little children who were presented with a movie of a model who was presented to be quite aggressive to a bobo doll. The experiment was able to shape the childrens behavior depending on whether the model was either punished or rewarded from the aggressive behavior. According to Kelder, et al (2015) the experiment advanced several propositions to the social cognitive theory. Among these propositions include the idea that behavior is acquired through observation, imitation and modelling. This was to sum up with the work of previous theorists who had proposed a rather behavioral approach suggesting that behavior can only be learned or modified through rewards and punishments. In later studies and writings, Bandura added that human behaviors are also influenced by environment and human patterns of communication. Bandura has since then continued to advance the theory to extend its application into health promotion through a recent publication known as The Social and Policy Impact of Social Cognitive Theory. Social cognitive theory in health promotion and disease prevention The social cognitive theory has become recognized in the realm of health promotion and disease prevention in the sense that learning is considered as deriving lessons from interactions and experiences and continued application of such lessons. The theory also emphasizes learning as through interaction with the environment. The theory has been successful in addressing and explaining several health concerns such as drug addiction, dietary habits, lifestyle, psychological issues and cultural related health issues argues (Hayden, 2017). Heydari, Dashtgard, Moghadam, (2014) a research conducted in a hospital in Iran regarding drug addiction and quitting such habits revealed that the theory is more efficient in addressing the problem. When the theory was put in practice to help people quit drug addiction, more people were found to quit than those who were not subjected to the theory. The theory is therefore practical in addressing concerns such as high population growth and clinically prescribed healthy behaviors such as good lifestyle, drug abuse, and dieting. Why I chose the theory The main reason for choosing this theory to address health promotion and disease prevention is due to the fact that the theory provides mechanisms of reducing risks of disease infection and not curing infections. The theory emphasizes more on the need for prevention to prevent incurring the cost of curing. This helps to change the work of health workers from curing infections to promoting good health through behavior modification, self-efficacy and self-control in healthy living habits. Another major reason as to why I chose the theory is due to the fact that many people suffer from similar diseases and health challenges due to bad habits cultures, beliefs and norms. It is however easier to get rid of these diseases through changing the behavior and beliefs of the society by reinforcing healthy practices and behaviors while showing the consequences of bad behavior to help people live longer and healthier lives. Conclusion Social cognitive theory is a model that bases its argument on the proposition that people learn by observing and repeating the actions of others. The theory also supports the idea that the environment one grows in also helps to shape their behavior. The theory may therefore help to control health by focusing on the society as a whole to reduce incidences of disease infection rather than treating individual patients explains Sallis, Owen, Fisher (2015). References Glanz, K. (2015).Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice. John Wiley Sons. Hayden, J. A. (2017).Introduction to health behavior theory. Jones Bartlett Learning. Heydari, A., Dashtgard, A., Moghadam, Z. E. (2014). The effect of Bandura's social cognitive theory implementation on addiction quitting of clients referred to addiction quitting clinics.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research,19(1), 19. Kelder, S. H., Hoelscher, D., Perry, C. L. (2015). How individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact.Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice,159. Linke, S. E., Robinson, C. J., Pekmezi, D. (2014). Applying psychological theories to promote healthy lifestyles.American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine,8(1), 4-14. Sallis, J. F., Owen, N., Fisher, E. (2015). Ecological models of health behavior.Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice,5, 43-64. Schwarzer, R. (Ed.). (2014).Self-efficacy: Thought control of action. Taylor Francis. Zhang, J., Brackbill, D., Yang, S., Becker, J., Herbert, N., Centola, D. (2016). Support or competition? How online social networks increase physical activity: a randomized controlled trial.Preventive medicine reports,4, 453-458.